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JavaScript
<script language="JavaScript"><!--/************************************************************************************//* math.js - the library of mathematical functions that are not part of Math object.*//* AUTHOR: Vitaliy Rabotnik WWW: http://chat.carleton.ca/~vrabotni/JavaScript/Math/ *//* VERSION                                                                          *//* VERSION: 1                                               DATE: 01/03/2000        *//************************************************************************************//****************************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns a string representing expansion of (x + y)^n.       *//* PARAMETERS: n - a positive integer;                                      *//* format(optional) - the output format either text ("txt") or html ("html")*//* default is "html" format                                                 *//****************************************************************************/function binomial(n, format){  var out = "";  var temp;  var pow1, pow2;    if(format == "txt")  {    pow1 = "^";pow2 ="";  }    else  {    pow1 = "<sup>";pow2 = "</sup>";    }    if(!isInteger(n) || n < 0)   {   // alert("Error \"binomial\": " + n + " is not valid number.");    return;  }    for(var i = 0; i <= n; i++)  {    temp = choose(n,i);if(temp > 1) out += temp;if(i > 1)  out += "x" + pow1 + i + pow2;    if(i == 1)  out += "x";  if(n - i > 1) out += "y" + pow1 + (n - i) + pow2; if(n - i == 1) out += "y"; if(i < n) out += " + ";      }  return out;}/*******************************************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns the result of  "n choose r"; Returns null if "n" and r are invalid.*//* PARAMETERS: n and r - are positive integers, where r is less or equal to n.             *//*******************************************************************************************/function choose(n,r){  if(!isInteger(n) || !isInteger(r))  {   // alert("Error \"choose\": " + n + " or " + r + " are not valid number.");    return;  }    if(r > n)  {    // alert("Error \"choose\": " + r + " must be less or equal to " + n + "."); return;  }    return factorial(n)/(factorial(n - r) * factorial(r));}/************************************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns the factorial of namber "n"; Returns null if "n" is invalid.*//* PARAMETERS: n - a positive integer                                               *//************************************************************************************/function factorial(n){  if(n < 0 || !isInteger(n))   {   // alert("Error \"factorial\": " + n + " is not valid number.");    return;  }  if(n == 0) return 1;  if(n == 1) return n;  return (n * factorial(n - 1));}/*******************************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns n th fibonacci number; Returns null if "n" is invalid. *//* PARAMETERS: n - a positive integer greater than zero                        *//*******************************************************************************/function fibonacci(n){  if(n < 1 || !isInteger(n))   {   // alert("Error \"fibonacci\": " + n + " is not valid number.");    return;  }  if(n == 1 || n == 2)      return 1;  return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);}/********************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns wheather the number "n" is an even number.  *//* PARAMETERS: n - an integer or a string representing integer.     *//********************************************************************/function isEven(n){  if(!isInteger(n))    {  // alert("Error \"roundOff\": " + n + " or " + r + " is not valid number.");    return;  }    return(n%2 == 0);}/*************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns wheather the number "n" is a float.  *//* PARAMETERS: n - a float or a string representing float.   *//*************************************************************//*function isFloat(n){  return (parseFloat("" + n) === n);}  *//******************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns wheather the number "n" is an integer.    *//* PARAMETERS: n - an integer or a string representing integer.   *//******************************************************************/function isInteger(n){   if(isNaN(n))     return false;    return(parseInt("" + n) == n);}  /******************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns wheather the number "n" is a prime number.*//* PARAMETERS: n - a positive integer greater than zero.          *//******************************************************************/function isPrime(n){  if(!isInteger(n) || n < 1)   {   // alert("Error \"isPrime\": " + n + " is not valid number.");    return;  }      for(var i = 2; i < n - 1; i++)   {    if(n % i == 0)  return false;  }  return true;}  /********************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns wheather the number "n" is an odd number.   *//* PARAMETERS: n - an integer or a string representing integer.     *//********************************************************************/function isOdd(n){  if(!isInteger(n))    {  // alert("Error \"roundOff\": " + n + " or " + r + " is not valid number.");    return;  }  return(!isEven(n));}/********************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Logarithm of number "n" to the base a.              *//* PARAMETERS: n - a number; a - base.                              *//********************************************************************/function log(n,a){  if(isNaN(a) || isNaN(n))    return;  return(Math.log(n)/Math.log(a));}/*********************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Rounds off the number "n" to "digits" decimal places.*//* PARAMETERS: n - a number; digits - number of decimal places.      *//*********************************************************************/function roundOff(n,digits){  var temp;  if(isNaN(n) || !isInteger(digits))    {  // alert("Error \"roundOff\": " + n + " or " + r + " is not valid number.");    return;  }    if(digits < 0)  {    // alert("Error \"roundOff\": " + digits + " must be greater or equal to zero.");    return null;  }  if(digits == 0)    return Math.round(n);    temp =  Math.pow(10,digits)   return(Math.round(n * temp)/temp);}/********************************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns a string representation of the binary convertion of "n".*//* PARAMETERS: n - a positive integer.                                          *//********************************************************************************/function toBinary(n){  var out = "";  var temp;      if(!isInteger(n) || n < 0)   {   // alert("Error \"toBinary\": " + n + " is not valid number.");    return;  }  if(n == 0)   return 0;    temp = n;  while(temp > 0)  {    out =  (temp % 2) + out;     temp = parseInt(temp / 2);  }   return out;}/********************************************************************************//* DESCRIPTION: Returns an integer.                                             *//* PARAMETERS: n - a string representation of the binary number.                *//********************************************************************************/function toDecimal(n){  var out = 0;  var temp = "";  var startFound = false;        temp += n;    if(!validBinaryNumber(temp))    return;  for(var i = 0; i < temp.length; i++)   {    if(temp.charAt(i) == '1')  startFound = true;      if(startFound)      out += parseInt(temp.charAt(i)) * Math.pow(2, temp.length - (i + 1));  }  return out;}function validBinaryNumber(n){  for(var i = 0; i< n.length; i++)  {    if(n.charAt(i) != '0' && n.charAt(i) != '1')  return false;  }  return true;  }//--></script><script language="JavaScript">var functionNames;var rules;var farguments;var n, r;var IE = document.all;var NS = document.layers;function setText(what,str){  if(IE)    what.innerHTML = str;  else if(NS)  {    what.document.open();    what.document.write(str);what.document.close();  }}function getInput(){  var f = document.forms[0];  var list = f.functions;  var args = farguments[list.selectedIndex];  var func = functionNames[list.selectedIndex];  var type = inputTypes[list.selectedIndex];     n = prompt("Please enter the value for n: ", "");   if(n == null)   {  alert("The action was aborted by user!")  return;}      if(type[0] == "int")         n = parseInt(n);  else if (type[0] == "float")  n = parseFloat(n);      if(args == 2)   {      r = prompt("Please enter the value for r: ", "");     if(r == null)     {  alert("The action was aborted by user!")  return;     }       if(type[1] == "int")          r = parseInt(r);  else if (type[1] == "float")  r = parseFloat(r);     }   solve(func,args);   }function solve(func, args){ var field = getField("answ"); var msg = "<b>Answer is:</b> ";  if(args == 1) {   if(isNaN(n))     msg += eval(func + "(\"" + n + "\")");   else       msg += eval(func + "(" + n + ")");  }  else if(args == 2)    msg +=  eval(func + "(" + n + "," + r + ")");  setText(field, msg);}function update(ptr){   var index = ptr.selectedIndex;   setText(getField("description"), rules[index]);   setText(getField("answ"), "");}function getField(name){   if(IE)    return document.all[name];   else if(NS)   {    return document.layers[name];   }}// add an Option object into a combo box at indexfunction addOption(list, index, opt){   list.options[index] = opt;}// fill up a combobox with Option objectsfunction fillUpList(list, options, values){   for(var i = 0; i < options.length; i++)      addOption(list, i, new Option(options[i]),values[i]);   list.selectedIndex =  0; }function fixStupidNetscapeBug(){    var pointer = document["ptr"];var troubleLayer = document.layers["answ"];troubleLayer.top = pointer.pageY;troubleLayer.left = pointer.pageX;}</script><!--    This script downloaded from www.JavaScriptBank.com    Come to view and download over 2000+ free javascript at www.JavaScriptBank.com-->


HTML
<body onload="init();"><form><table cellspacing="7" cellpadding="7"><tbody><tr><td><select name="functions" onchange="update(this);"><option>binomial</option><option>choose</option><option>factorial</option><option>fibonacci</option><option>isEven</option><option>isInteger</option><option>isPrime</option><option>isOdd</option><option>log</option><option>roundOff</option><option>toBinary</option><option>toDecimal</option></select><input type="button" value="Calculate" onclick="getInput();"></td><td><span id="answ"><ilayer name="ptr"></ilayer><layer name="answ"></layer></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p><span id="description"><layer name="description"></layer></span><script language="JavaScript">function init(){   var f = document.forms[0];      functionNames = new Array("binomial", "choose", "factorial", "fibonacci", "isEven", "isInteger", "isPrime", "isOdd", "log", "roundOff", "toBinary", "toDecimal");   rules = new Array();      rules[0] = "<b>binomial(n)</b> - returns binomial expansion of equation (x + y)<sup>n</sup>.<br><i>n</i> must be a positive integer.";   rules[1] = "<b>choose(n,r)</b> - returns number of different groups of size <i>r</i> selected from a set of <i>n</i> objects, where <i>r <= n</i>.";   rules[2] = "<b>factorial(n)</b> - returns a factorial of the number <i>n</i>. <br><i>n</i> must be a positive integer.";   rules[3] = "<b>fibonacci(n)</b> - returns <i>n<sup>th</sup></i> fibonacci number. <br><i>n</i> must be a positive integer.";   rules[4] = "<b>isEven(n)</b> - whether <i>n</i> is an even number.<br><i>n</i> must be an integer.";   rules[5] = "<b>isInteger(n)</b> - whether <i>n</i> is an integer.";   rules[6] = "<b>isPrime(n)</b> - whether <i>n</i> is a prime number.<br><i>n</i> must be an integer greater than zero.";   rules[7] = "<b>isOdd(n)</b> - whether <i>n</i> is an odd number.<br><i>n</i> must be an integer.";   rules[8] = "<b>log(n,r)</b> - returns logarithm of <i>n</i> to the base <i>r</i>.";   rules[9] = "<b>roundOff(n,r)</b> - rounds off <i>n</i> to specified (<i>r</i>) number of digits.";   rules[10] = "<b>toBinary(n)</b> - returns a string representing binary number conversion of <i>n</i>.<br><i>n</i> must be a positive integer.";   rules[11] = "<b>toDecimal(n)</b> - returns a decimal integer representation of binary string <i>n</i>.<br><i>n</i> must be a valid binary string.";      farguments = new Array(1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1);          inputTypes = new Array();   inputTypes[0] = new Array("int");   inputTypes[1] = new Array("int","int");   inputTypes[2] = new Array("int");   inputTypes[3] = new Array("int");   inputTypes[4] = new Array("int");   inputTypes[5] = new Array("any");   inputTypes[6] = new Array("int");   inputTypes[7] = new Array("int");   inputTypes[8] = new Array("float", "float");   inputTypes[9] = new Array("float","int");   inputTypes[10] = new Array("int");      inputTypes[11] = new Array("str");        fillUpList(f.functions, functionNames, functionNames);   setText(getField("description"), rules[0]);      if(NS)    fixStupidNetscapeBug();}</script></form></body><!--    This script downloaded from www.JavaScriptBank.com    Come to view and download over 2000+ free javascript at www.JavaScriptBank.com-->