27/05/2010
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This JavaScript tutorial shows the author's experiences and solution to find the unique items in a very large JavaScript array for the minimum time. This solution is considered the best by author and it relates to an algorithm that we knew "Hash Sieving". Please go to the full post for more.
If you like sorting array, let try Algorithms by JavaScript, JavaScript Bubble Sort.
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When I had the requirement to remove duplicate items from a very large array, I found out that the classic method to be not optimized as it took a pretty long time than desired. So, I devised this new algorithm that can sort a large array in a fraction of the original time.
The fastest method to find unique items in array
This method is kind of cheeky in its implementation. It uses the JavaScript's object to add every item in the array as key. As we all know, objects accepts only unique keys and sure we did capitalize on that.
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Array.prototype.unique = function() {
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var o = {}, i, l = this.length, r = [];
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for(i=0; i<l;i++) o[this[i]] = this[i];
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for(i in o) r.push(o[i]);
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return r;
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};
Some Thoughts On This Algorithm
This is somewhat classified as "Hash Sieving" method and can also be related to a somewhat modified "Hash Sorting Algorithm" where every item in the array is a hash value and a hash function inserts item into a bucket, replacing existing values in case of hash collision. As such, this can be applied to any programming language for faster sieving of very large arrays.
This algorithm has a linear time complexity of O(2n) in worst case scenario. This is way better than what we will observe for the classic method as described below.
About the classic method
The classic (and most popular) method of finding unique items in an array runs two loops in a nested order to compare each element with rest of the elements. Consequently, the time complexity of the classic method to find the unique items in an array is around quadratic O(n²).
This is not a good thing when you have to find unique items within array of 10,000 items.
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Array.prototype.unique = function() {
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var a = [], l = this.length;
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for(var i=0; i<l; i++) {
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for(var j=i+1; j<l; j++)
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if (this[i] === this[j]) j = ++i;
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a.push(this[i]);
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}
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return a;
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};
Comparing the above two algorithms
Test Data: An array of elements having N random integers.
| Sample (N) | Average Case | Best Case | ||
| Classic | New | Classic | New | |
| 50 | 0.43 | 0.25 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| 100 | 0.60 | 0.30 | 0.09 | 0.16 |
| 500 | 9.57 | 0.87 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| 1000 | 24.44 | 1.51 | 0.21 | 0.31 |
| 5000 | 584.28 | 7.74 | 0.4 | 1.0 |
| 10000 | 2360.90 | 15.03 | 0.7 | 1.8 |
Conclusion
This method of finding unique items within an array seems to be particularly useful for large arrays that are tending towards the real-life situations. When there are more items in an array that are similar, there is not much of a difference in performance and in fact, the classic algorithm scores better by a small margin. However, as the array gets more random, the runtime of the classic algorithm increases manifold.
More JavaScript Algorithms: Algorithms by JavaScript
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Shamasis Bhattacharya [more]
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27/05/2010
This JavaScript tutorial shows the author's experiences and solution to find the unique items in a very large JavaScript...JavaScript Fastest Algorithm to Query Unique Items in Array - JavaScript Fastest Algorithm to Query Unique Items in Array
